Justice For Jannatul Baqi | Maulana Syed Meraj Ali Zaidi | جنة البقيع | Inhedam Jannatul Baqi | VOK

 

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Justice For Jannatul Baqi | Maulana Syed Meraj Ali Zaidi | جنة البقيع | Inhedam Jannatul Baqi | VOK

Jannat al-Baqīʿ (Arabic: ٱلْبَقِيْع‎, "The Baqi'") is the oldest and the first Islamic cemetery of Medina[1] in the Hejazi[2] region of present-day Saudi Arabia. It is located to the southeast of the Prophet's Mosque, which contains the graves of some of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's family and friends. It is also known as Baqīʿ al-Gharqad (Arabic: بَقِيْع الْغَرْقَد‎, meaning "Baqiʿ of the Boxthorn").

Demolition

Main article: Demolition of al-Baqi

First demolition

The cemetery before the 1926 demolition

The former mausoleum of Fatimah, Abbas, Hasan ibn Ali, Ali as-Sajjad, Muhammad al-Baqir and Ja'far as-Sadiq

The Cemetery after the 1926 demolition. The Prophet's Mosque in far background, view towards west.

Panorama showing the cemetery, with the Qiblah being behind the photographer, view towards north.

The cemetery was demolished by forces loyal to the Wahhabi-Saudi alliance in 1806 and 1925 (or 1926).

At the beginning of the Wahhabis of Najd's nineteenth century (1806) control over Mecca and Medina, they demolished many of the religious buildings including tombs and mosques, whether inside or outside the Baqi, in accordance with their understanding of the Islamic doctrine forbidding idolatry.These were razed to the ground and demolished due to Wahhabi claims of grave worshipping.

Second demolition

The clan of Saud regained control of the Hijaz in 1924 or 1925. The following year King Ibn Saud granted permission to destroy the site with religious authorization provided by Qadi Abd Allah ibn Bulayhid, and the demolition began on 21 April 1926 (or 1925) by Ikhwan ("The Brothers"), a Wahabbi religious militia. The demolition included destroying "even the simplest of the gravestones". British convert Eldon Rutter compared the demolition to an earthquake: "All over the cemetery nothing was to be seen but little indefinite mounds of earth and stones, pieces of timber, iron bars, blocks of stone, and a broken rubble of cement and bricks, strewn about."

The second demolition was discussed in Majles-e Shora-ye Melli (The National Consultative Assembly of Iran) and a group of representatives was sent to Hijaz to investigate. In recent years[when?], efforts were made by Iranian religious scholars and political figures to restore the cemetery and its shrines. Both Sunni and Shia protested against the destruction and rallies are held annually. The day is regarded as Yaum-e Gham ("Day of Sorrow"). Prominent Sunni theologians and intellectuals have condemned the "unfit" situation of the Baqi cemetery but the Saudi authorities have so far ignored all criticism and rejected any requests for restoration of the tombs and mausoleums. Though nowadays the situation of the Baqi is better than the time of demolition but there was acrimony in the memories of the Muslims who visited there in the past.

Religious Islamic people buried at Al-Baqi

Halimah the milk-mother and nurse of Muhammad

All of the wives of Muhammad, except Khadijah bint Khuwaylid and Maymunah bint al-Harith who are buried in Jannatul Mualla in Mecca and at Sarif respectively.

Ibrahim, Muhammad's son by Maria al-Qibtiyya, died in infancy

Roqayyah, Umm Kulthum and Zainab daughters of Muhammad and Khadija

Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad is purportedly buried there, though the location of her grave is disputed.

Fatima bint al-Asad, aunt of Muhammad and mother of Caliph Ali.

‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib, uncle of Muhammad.

Umm ul-Banin, who married Caliph Ali after the death of Fatimah and Safiyyah, Atika aunts of Muhammad.

Hasan ibn Ali, grandson of Muhammad, son of Fatimah bint Muhammad and Imam Ali.

Zayn al-Abidin, the grandson of Fatima bint Muhammad who is the only adult male that survived the Battle of Karbala because he was sick and could not fight.

Muhammad al-Baqir, son of ‘Alī ibn Ḥusayn.

Ja'far as-Sadiq, son of Muhammad al-Baqir.

Abdullah son of Jaffar at-Tayyar, who was husband of Zainab, daughter of Ali and nephew of Ali

(martyrs of Karbala).

Aqeel ibn Abi Talib, the elder brother of Ali.

Uthman ibn Affan, early companion, second cousin, twice son-in-law of Muhammad, brother-in-law of first Imam Ali and third Sunni Caliph. Uthman ibn Affan was at first buried in a Jewish graveyard behind Al-Baqi', but later Muawiyah I extended Al-Baqi' to include Uthman.

Ehsan Elahi Zaheer, Pakistani Islamic scholar, one of the biggest Islamic figures of Pakistan.